RESUMEN
This chapter seeks to examine the impact of COVID-19 on the Turkish tourism economy. Towards this end, first of all, tourist arrivals and tourism income of Turkey were compared between pre-pandemic and within the pandemic period. Afterwards, to investigate whether COVID-19 leads to a decrease in stock prices of tourism firms, the return data of 11 firms listed in the Borsa Istanbul restaurants and hotels subsector for 10 months were examined by panel data methods. According to comparison of tourist arrivals and tourism income to the previous year, there was a vital decrease as 69% and 65% respectively in 2020. Moreover, coverage rate of foreign trade deficit of tourism income in Turkey decreased almost 80% in 2020. Overall, results of pooled OLS regression analysis revealed that COVID-19 cases and COVID-19-related deaths were decreasing monthly stock price returns. Based on these findings, it is recommended to policymakers to find better policies for a better tourism economy. © 2021, IGI Global.
RESUMEN
We analyzed herein the new covid-19 daily positive cases recorded in Albania. We observed that the distribution of the daily new cases is non-stationary and usually has a power law behavior in the low incidence zone, and a bell curve for the remaining part of the incidence interval. We qualified this finding as the indicator intensive dynamics and as proof that up now, the heard immunity has not been reached. By parallelizing the preferential attachment mechanisms responsible for a power law distribution in the social graphs elsewhere, we explain the low daily incidence distribution as result of the imprudent gatherings of peoples. Additionally, the bell-shaped distribution observed for the high daily new cases is agued as outcome of the competition between illness advances and restriction measures. The distribution is acceptably smooth, meaning that the management has been accommodated appropriately. This behavior is observed also for two neighbor countries Greece and Italy respectively, but was not observed for Turkey, Serbia, and North Macedonia. Next, we used the multifractal analysis to conclude about the features related with heterogeneity of the data. We have identified the local presence self-organization behavior in some separate time intervals. Formally and empirically we have identified that the full set of the data contain two regimes finalized already, followed by a third one which started in July 2021. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.